Table 3.

The Association Between Prescription of Any Psychoactive Drug and 6-month Disengagement from OBOT

Variable	Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)	p-value
Any Psychoactive Drug on Enrollment	1.07 (0.78, 1.46)	0.68
Female	0.71 (0.52, 0.98)	0.04
Current Alcohol Use	0.96 (0.64, 1.42)	0.82
Current Cocaine Use	1.42 (0.93, 2.16)	0.10
Current Benzodiazepine Use (Illicit)	1.28 (0.79, 2.07)	0.31
Current or History of Buprenorphine Use (Prescribed)**	0.29 (0.18, 0.47)	<.0001
Current or History of Buprenorphine Use (Illicit)**	0.48 (0.34, 0.69)	<.0001
History of Heroin Use	1.31 (0.79, 2.16)	0.29
Completed High school/GED	1.03 (0.75, 1.42)	0.84
Age of First Opioid Use	1.00 (0.98, 1.02)	0.96
Race/Ethnicity
White	Reference	Reference
Black*	1.71 (1.10, 2.65)	0.02
Hispanic	1.14 (0.75, 1.74)	0.54
Other Race	0.42 (0.09, 1.94)	0.27
Year
Enrolled 2003–2007	Reference	Reference
Enrolled in 2008–2010**	2.64 (1.79, 3.89)	<.0001
Enrolled in 2011–2014**	3.22 (2.02, 5.15)	<.0001

Legend:

History of heroin use – as compared to opioid pills only;

Completed High school/GED – graduated High school or passed the General Educational Development test

^*p < 0.05;

^**p < 0.01