TABLE 1.
Demographic characteristics of study mothers and their infants in Cincinnati, Shanghai, and Mexico City at baseline1
| Cincinnati | Mexico City | Shanghai | Omnibus P2 | |
| n | 115 | 125 | 119 | |
| Infant characteristics | ||||
| Male, n (%) | 51 (44.4) | 64 (51.2) | 63 (52.9) | 0.38 |
| Birth weight, kg | 3.54 ± 0.453 | 3.11 ± 0.37 | 3.43 ± 0.47 | <0.01 |
| Maternal delivery characteristics | ||||
| Age at delivery, y | 31.4 ± 5.20 | 24.4 ± 5.60 | 29.3 ± 3.70 | <0.01 |
| Parity, n | 1.54 ± 1.56 | 1.01 ± 1.28 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | <0.01 |
| Prepregnancy BMI, kg/m2 | 27.6 ± 6.8 | 23.9 ± 3.20 | 20.6 ± 2.3 | <0.01 |
| Prepregnancy BMI category, n (%) | ||||
| Underweight (<18) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.80) | 11 (9.24) | <0.01 |
| Normal (18–24.9) | 51 (44.4) | 76 (60.8) | 102 (85.7) | |
| Overweight (25–29.9) | 29 (25.2) | 30 (24.0) | 4 (3.36) | |
| Obese (≥30) | 33 (28.7) | 5 (4.00) | 1 (0.84) | |
| Gestational weight gain, kg | 13.6 ± 5.0 | 11.2 ± 5.3 | 16.1 ± 5.3 | <0.01 |
| Delivery type (vaginal), n (%) | 89 (77.4) | 72 (56.6) | 36 (30.3) | <0.01 |
1
n = 358. Baseline data were available for only 118 mothers in Mexico City.
2
Omnibus P values for comparisons across cohorts were derived by using ANOVA or chi-square tests.
3
Mean ± SD (all such values).