TABLE 2.
BCFA concentrations in human milk by site1
| Cincinnati (n = 115) |
Mexico City (n = 125) |
Shanghai (n = 119) |
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| BCFA, mg/100 mL | Censored, n | Mean ± SE | Censored, n | Mean ± SE | Censored, n | Mean ± SE | P2 |
| iso-14:0 | 5 | 0.48 ± 0.04 | 11 | 0.36 ± 0.04 | 36 | 0.13 ± 0.02 | <0.01 |
| anteiso-15:0 | 0 | 1.91 ± 0.11 | 1 | 1.34 ± 0.09 | 14 | 0.56 ± 0.06 | <0.01 |
| iso-16:0 | 0 | 1.49 ± 0.08 | 1 | 1.09 ± 0.06 | 2 | 0.73 ± 0.05 | <0.01 |
| anteiso-17:0 | 4 | 3.61 ± 0.23 | 0 | 2.87 ± 0.17 | 0 | 2.24 ± 0.12 | <0.01 |
| iso-18:0 | 74 | — | 36 | 0.16 ± 0.02 | 29 | 0.18 ± 0.02 | 0.673 |
| Total BCFAs | 0 | 7.90 ± 0.41 | 0 | 6.10 ± 0.36 | 0 | 4.27 ± 0.25 | <0.01 |
1
Unless otherwise indicated, values are geometric means ± SEs obtained from Tobit regression. BCFA, branched-chain fatty acid; —, estimates are not provided where >50% of observations were censored.
2
P values for likelihood-ratio test assessing differences in log means across sites unless otherwise indicated.
3
P value for the comparison of Shanghai and Mexico City only.