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. 2016 Dec 26;7:649. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00649

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Copyright © 2016 Chu, Zhu, You, Zhang, Zheng, Cai, Zhou, Wang, Sun, Yang, Zhang, Wang, Nie, Zhu and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Inhibitory effect of hS9-Fab03 on cytokine expression in cell culture supernatant of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human PBMC-differentiated macrophages. Human PBMC-differentiated macrophages were pre-incubated with 5 µg/ml hS9-Fab03 for 2 h, then stimulated with 1 µg/ml LPS. Anthrax chimeric Fab antibody was used as the negative control. The production of IFN-β (A), TNF-α (B), IL-1β (C), IL-6 (D), IL-8 (E), and IL-10 (F) in human PBMC-differentiated macrophage culture supernatant were determined by ELISA analysis. Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 3, N.S., not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 compared to negative control).