PARylation is induced after ON injury and suppressed by veliparib treatment in retina tissue. A, B, Immunoblots show PARylation in retinal tissue from naive state or 5 d after ON crush and treated with veliparib (10 mg/kg/d) or vehicle. RIPA soluble (A) and insoluble (B) samples were analyzed with an antibody directed against PAR protein. Molecular weight markers in kDa are at left. C, D, Quantification of PARylation in the lysate (C) or pellet (D). ON crush injury significantly increased PARylation in retina, and veliparib treatment significantly suppressed it. Data are mean ± SE from n = 3 in each condition. For one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc pairwise Tukey’s tests: *, P <0.05; **, P <0.01; ***, P <0.005.