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. 2016 Dec 13;6(4):59. doi: 10.3390/brainsci6040059

Table 2.

Behavioral profiles of the sample stratified by insomnia symptoms and objective sleep duration subgroups.

1. Controls >7 h 2. Controls ≤7 h 3. Insomnia >7 h 4. Insomnia ≤7 h p
(n = 188) (n = 61) (n = 113) (n = 35) 1 vs. 2 1 vs. 3 1 vs. 4 3 vs. 4
Internalizing problems
Anxious depressed
T-score, total 53.7 ± 0.4 53.8 ± 0.8 54.3 ± 0.6 54.6 ± 1.0 0.892 0.369 0.401 0.796
Clinically elevated, % 14.9 17.2 20.7 18.4 0.675 0.207 0.621 0.759
Withdrawn depressed
T-score, total 54.8 ± 0.5 54.1 ± 0.9 55.6 ± 0.8 58.4 ± 1.2 0.553 0.318 0.008 0.049
Clinically elevated, % 20.4 20.3 24.3 37.7 0.990 0.445 0.034 0.110
Somatic complaints
T-score, total 54.9 ± 0.5 54.1 ± 0.9 56.7 ± 0.6 57.9 ± 1.2 0.392 0.035 0.020 0.342
Clinically elevated, % 18.4 19.3 24.1 30.5 0.881 0.251 0.122 0.427
Externalizing problems
Thought problems
T-score, total 54.1 ± 0.5 53.6 ± 1.0 56.8 ± 0.6 56.8 ± 1.1 0.607 <0.01 0.019 0.981
Clinically elevated, % 13.9 15.3 30.5 29.8 0.809 <0.01 0.032 0.934
Attention problems
T-score, total 55.2 ± 0.5 55.1 ± 0.9 56.1 ± 0.7 56.3 ± 1.2 0.975 0.281 0.410 0.896
Clinically elevated, % 18.8 16.0 23.3 25.6 0.650 0.353 0.367 0.764
Rule-breaking behaviors
T-score, total 53.4 ± 0.9 53.1 ± 0.7 55.6 ± 0.5 53.5 ± 0.3 0.727 <0.01 0.883 0.051
Clinically elevated, % 12.8 10.0 23.2 19.7 0.598 0.018 0.314 0.621
Aggressive behaviors
T-score, total 52.7 ± 0.4 53.6 ± 0.7 54.9 ± 0.5 55.4 ± 1.0 0.195 <0.01 0.010 0.604
Clinically elevated, % 9.5 17.5 19.1 26.1 0.123 0.024 0.013 0.302

Data are means ± standard errors of total T-scores and clinically elevated T-scores adjusted for sex, age, race, socioeconomic status, body mass index percentile, morning-eveningness questionnaire score, apnea/hypopnea index and periodic limb movement index.