Table 2.
Description of Case Groups and Referent Group with Respect to Demographics, Lifestyle, and Perceived General Health and Hearing Ability, and Comparisons Between Case Groups and Referents with t Test (Age) and χ2 Analysis
| Physician diagnosed (n=66) | Self reported (n=313) | Referents (n=2995) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 57.8 (11.44)*** | 48.9 (15.45)* | 51.1 (16.94) |
| Women, n (%) | 44 (66.7)* | 220 (70.3)*** | 1619 (54.1) |
| Married/cohabitant, n (%) | 56 (84.8)ns | 222 (70.9)ns | 2213 (74.4) |
| No response | 0 | 3 (0.9) | 25 (0.8) |
| Education (highest level), n (%) | ns | ** | |
| Compulsory school | 19 (28.8) | 54 (17.4) | 711 (24) |
| Senior high school | 19 (28.8) | 98 (31.5) | 1016 (34.4) |
| College/University | 28 (42.4) | 159 (51.1) | 1230 (41.6) |
| No response | 2 (0.6) | 38 (1.3) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | 10 (15.2)ns | 27 (8.7)ns | 262 (8.8) |
| No response | 0 | 3 (0.9) | 21 (0.7) |
| Physical exercise, n (%) | ns | ns | |
| Once a month or less | 4 (6.1) | 31 (10) | 382 (12.9) |
| 2–4 times/month | 11 (16.7) | 71 (23) | 581 (19.6) |
| 2–3 times/week | 24 (36.4) | 114 (36.9) | 1132 (37.3) |
| More than 3 times/week | 27 (40.9) | 93 (30.1) | 862 (29.2) |
| No response | 4 (1.3) | 38 (1.3) | |
| Perceived general health, n (%) | *** | *** | |
| Excellent/Very good | 11 (16.7) | 89 (28.4) | 1245 (41.6) |
| Good | 22 (33.3) | 95 (30.4) | 1026 (34.3) |
| Somewhat good/Poor | 32 (48.5) | 127 (40.6) | 691 (23.1) |
| No response | 1 (1.5) | 2 (0.6) | 33 (1.1) |
| Perceived hearing ability, n (%) | *** | *** | |
| Normal | 19 (28.8) | 117 (37.5) | 1888 (63.6) |
| Above normal | 10 (15.2) | 52 (16.7) | 358 (12.1) |
| Below normal | 37 (56.1) | 143 (45.8) | 722 (24.3) |
| No response | 1 (0.3) | 27 (0.9) |
*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001; nsnonsignificant; SD: standard deviation.