Table 2.
Maternal plasma levels of vitamins, metabolic and inflammation markers in pregnancy week 18 according to pre-pregnancy BMI, n = 2797.
| Pre-pregnancy BMI; Categories | p Value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <18.5 | 18.5–24.9 | 25.0–29.9 | 30.0–34.9 | ≥35.0 | ||
| n = 80 | n = 1827 | n = 587 | n = 213 | n = 90 | ||
| Plasma folate, nmol/L a | 8.8 (6.0–15.7) | 9.2 (6.3–16.0) | 8.1 (5.7–12.8) | 7.3 (5.1–12.2) | 7.3 (5.0–12.1) | <0.001 |
| Plasma cobalamin, pmol/L a | 328 (243–383) | 314 (254–386) | 301 (240–363) | 271 (220–338) | 268 (204–317) | <0.001 |
| Plasma PLP, nmol/L a | 27.0 (21.4–39.7) | 28.3 (21.8–40.7) | 26.6 (20.6–35.6) | 23.8 (17.4–33.7) | 21.5 (17.0–30.1) | <0.001 |
| Plasma riboflavin, nmol/L a | 7.8 (4.8–14.4) | 8.1 (5.6–13.2) | 7.8 (5.2–13.9) | 7.2 (5.2–11.0) | 6.9 (4.4–10.1) | 0.004 |
| B vitamin status a,b | 12.2 (3.7) | 12.5 (3.6) | 11.7 (3.7) | 10.6 (3.7) | 10.1 (3.4) | <0.001 |
| Plasma tHcy, µmol/L a | 5.00 (4.22–5.92) | 4.91 (4.27–5.79) | 4.94 (4.23–5.78) | 5.04 (4.44–6.21) | 5.33 (4.43–6.13) | 0.03 |
| Plasma MMA, µmol/L a | 0.13 (0.11–0.16) | 0.13 (0.11–0.16) | 0.13 (0.10–0.16) | 0.12 (0.10–0.15) | 0.12 (0.10–0.15) | 0.009 |
| Plasma HK/XA a | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) | 1.5 (1.1–2.1) | 1.7 (1.2–2.2) | 1.8 (1.2–2.4) | <0.001 |
| Plasma neopterine, µmol/L a | 6.7 (6.1–8.1) | 7.0 (6.1–8.1) | 7.3 (6.3–8.6) | 7.9 (7.0–9.1) | 8.5 (7.31–9.9) | <0.001 |
| KTR, nmol/µmol a | 18.1 (16.0–21.5) | 18.3 (16.2–20.6) | 18.8 (16.8–21.2) | 19.6 (17.5–22.8) | 21.2 (18.5–24.0) | <0.001 |
a Median (IQR), by Kruskal Wallis test; b B vitamin status; summary score based on added quintiles of the 4 B vitamins, Mean (SD), by ANOVA; tHcy, total homocysteine; MMA, methylmalonic acid; HK/XA: 3-hydroxykynurenine/xanthurenic acid; KTR, kynurenine/tryptophan ratio.