Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics of the grade five students and percentage (%) of receiving a diagnosis of ADHD, the Children’s Lifestyle and School Performance study, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| Variable | % of Students, (n = 4875) | % of ADHDs, All Students | % of ADHDs, Boys (n = 2395) | % of ADHDs, Girls (n = 2480) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DQI-I overall | ||||
| Lowest tertile | 33.6 | 9.37 | 14.39 | 4.59 |
| Middle tertile | 33.2 | 11.93 | 16.38 | 7.05 |
| Highest tertile | 33.2 | 7.74 | 12.36 | 3.73 |
| Physical activity without coach | ||||
| Never | 9.2 | 14.55 | 23.34 | 6.15 |
| 1 to 3 times/week | 34.0 | 7.66 | 12.74 | 4.20 |
| ≥4 times/week | 56.8 | 10.12 | 14.03 | 5.43 |
| Physical activity with coach | ||||
| Never | 37.5 | 11.77 | 18.57 | 5.98 |
| 1 to 3 times/week | 44.8 | 7.77 | 11.74 | 3.95 |
| ≥4 times/week | 17.8 | 10.28 | 13.59 | 6.04 |
| Using a computer or play video games | ||||
| <1 h/day | 42.7 | 7.63 | 12.30 | 4.65 |
| 1–2 h/day | 38.7 | 8.94 | 12.84 | 4.70 |
| 3–4 h/day | 12.3 | 11.00 | 13.83 | 6.49 |
| ≥5 h/day | 6.3 | 25.46 | 29.22 | 11.77 |
| Watching TV | ||||
| <1 h/day | 14.6 | 11.07 | 16.34 | 6.93 |
| 1–2 h/day | 40.2 | 8.03 | 12.12 | 4.47 |
| 3–4 h/day | 29.2 | 8.86 | 13.12 | 4.71 |
| ≥5 h/day | 16.0 | 13.79 | 19.57 | 4.98 |
| Gender | ||||
| Boys | 49.2 | 14.46 | -- | -- |
| Girls | 50.8 | 5.05 | -- | -- |
| Residence | ||||
| Rural | 32.7 | 8.16 | 11.88 | 4.36 |
| Urban | 67.3 | 10.42 | 15.77 | 5.38 |
| Parental education | ||||
| Secondary education or less | 28.28 | 10.72 | 16.14 | 6.12 |
| College | 34.89 | 10.66 | 16.07 | 5.37 |
| University or above | 29.60 | 7.81 | 11.05 | 4.21 |
| Not reported | 7.23 | 8.50 | 15.51 | 2.51 |
| Household income | ||||
| ≤$20,000 | 9.11 | 13.60 | 20.07 | 7.28 |
| $20,001–$40,000 | 17.37 | 9.36 | 13.95 | 5.30 |
| $40,001–$60,000 | 20.30 | 10.61 | 14.61 | 6.28 |
| ≥$60,001 | 29.99 | 7.89 | 11.35 | 4.44 |
| Not reported | 23.24 | 9.87 | 16.60 | 3.80 |
| Body weight | ||||
| Normal weight | 53.65 | 11.32 | 16.67 | 5.99 |
| Overweight | 18.40 | 9.11 | 13.70 | 4.82 |
| Obese | 7.80 | 8.76 | 12.93 | 4.05 |
| Not assessed | 20.15 | 6.18 | 9.52 | 3.26 |
| Self-esteem components | ||||
| Self-perception | ||||
| High self-esteem | 49.8 | 8.32 | 13.20 | 3.43 |
| Low self-esteem | 50.2 | 10.31 | 15.00 | 5.91 |
| Externalizing problems | ||||
| High self-esteem | 49.6 | 4.38 | 7.34 | 2.72 |
| Low self-esteem | 50.4 | 14.17 | 17.92 | 7.98 |
| Internalizing problems | ||||
| High self-esteem | 49.2 | 7.89 | 11.80 | 3.43 |
| Low self-esteem | 50.8 | 10.72 | 16.69 | 5.75 |
| Social-perception | ||||
| High self-esteem | 49.9 | 5.94 | 9.37 | 2.95 |
| Low self-esteem | 50.1 | 12.69 | 18.31 | 6.63 |
ADHD: attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder.