| ATP | Adenosine Triphosphate |
| BLA | Blood Lactic Acid |
| CAT | Catalase |
| GOP | Ginseng Oligopeptides |
| LDH | Lactate Dehydrogenase |
| MDA | Malondialdehyde |
| mtDNA | Mitochondrial DNA |
| NRF-1 | Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1 |
| ROS | Reactive Oxygen Species |
| SOD | Superoxide Dismutase |
| SUN | Serum Urea Nitrogen |
| TFAM | Mitochondrial Transcription Factor A |
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