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. 2016 Dec 8;16(12):2086. doi: 10.3390/s16122086

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© 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Scheme of the μPAD fabrication in [59]: A filter paper mask (b) was obtained by cutting on a native filter paper (a), and was immersed in TMOS solution (c); The TMOS-adsorbed mask and a native filter paper were packed between two glass slides (d); TMOS molecules were assembled on the native filter paper by heating (e); and the fabricated μPAD with hydrophilic-hydrophobic contrast (f) and its photograph (g) obtained by spraying water on it. With the permission from [59]; Copyright 2014, The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Scheme of the μPAD fabrication in [59]: A filter paper mask (b) was obtained by cutting on a native filter paper (a), and was immersed in TMOS solution (c); The TMOS-adsorbed mask and a native filter paper were packed between two glass slides (d); TMOS molecules were assembled on the native filter paper by heating (e); and the fabricated μPAD with hydrophilic-hydrophobic contrast (f) and its photograph (g) obtained by spraying water on it. With the permission from [59]; Copyright 2014, The Royal Society of Chemistry.