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The Sagnac effect in a circular ring interferometer rotating with respect to an inertial frame of reference: (a) interferometric systems for its detection; (b) active method in the ring-laser approach; (c) passive method in a fibre-optic interferometer approach. Notation: Lcw, Lccw—distances in clockwise and counterclockwise directions; IIN, IUOT—intensities of input and output beams respectively [77].
