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. 2004 Aug;16(8):2020–2034. doi: 10.1105/tpc.103.018648

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Copyright © 2004, American Society of Plant Biologists

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Figure 9. — Model Proposed for PCho and PtdCho Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.

The main PCho biosynthesis pathway involves a triple sequential methylation performed by XPL1. PCho is the essential precursor for PtdCho production via the action of PCho cytidylyltransferase (CCT) and choline phosphotransferase (CPT). PtdCho is converted to PA and Cho by the action of PLD. PLDζ1 is a PtdCho substrate-specific enzyme that is negatively regulated by GLABRA2 (GL2), inhibiting PA biosynthesis via PtdCho as the precursor. Cho is converted to PCho by an alternate biochemical step (dashed arrow) performed by a proposed CK. PMME, phospho-monomethylethanolamine; PDME, phospho-dimethylethanolamine; CDP-Cho, cytidylylphosphocholine.