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. 2016 Dec 2;48(12):e275. doi: 10.1038/emm.2016.107

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Copyright © 2016 The Author(s)

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Regulation of BAMBI by TGF-β1. (a) Increased BAMBI promoter activity owing to exogenous TGF-β1 supplementation. HepG2 cells were transiently transfected with BAMBIwt-Luc (0.5 μg) or BAMBImt-Luc (0.5 μg) and treated with the indicated concentrations of TGF-β1 for 48 h. The values represent the mean±s.d. from three independent experiments. *P<0.05; **P<0.01. (b) Immunoblot analysis of BAMBI protein expression in HepG2 cells treated with TGF-β1 for 48 h (upper panels). Morphological changes in the HepG2 cells after treatment with exogenous TGF-β1 (lower panels). (c) Effects of the Smad family on BAMBI promoter activity (upper panel). Regulation of BAMBI protein expression by Smad3 or Smad4 (lower panels) in HepG2 and HLK3 cells. The values represent the mean±s.d. from three independent experiments. *P<0.05; **P<0.01. (d) Modulation of wild-type or mutant BAMBI promoter activity by ctHBx, Smad3 or Smad4, either alone or in combination. The values represent the mean±s.d. from three independent experiments. *P<0.05; **P<0.01.