Figure 2.

Compound 5, RB‐020 and FTY720, but not ROMe or SKi, enhance IL‐1β release in the presence and absence of LPS in differentiated U937 cells. Differentiated U937 cells were treated with (A) sphingosine (Sph; 20 μM) , compound 5 (Cpd5), FTY720 or RB‐020 (all at 10 μM) alone for 2 h or (B) LPS (1 μg·mL⁻¹) for 2 h and compound 5, RB‐020, FTY720, ROMe or SKi (all at 10 μM) for a further 1 h and the supernatants assayed by elisa for IL‐1β released (pg mL⁻¹). (A) Results are expressed as means ± SEM for independent experiments with matched controls (n = 5 for Sph, FTY720 and RB‐020 and n = 6 for compound 5); *P < 0.05, significantly different from control; unpaired t‐test. (B) Results are expressed as means ± SEM for independent experiments with matched controls and LPS (n = 5, ROMe panel; n = 6, compound 5, RB‐020 and SKi panels; n = 8; FTY720 panel); *P < 0.05, significantly different from control; one‐way ANOVA with Dunnett's post test; **P < 0.05, significantly different from LPS; † not significantly different from LPS; one‐way ANOVA with Bonferroni post test.