Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics
| Characteristics | Study group (n = 21) | Control group (n = 84) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male patients, n (%) | 9 (42.9) | 48 (57.1) | 0.24 |
| Age at CJI testing, years | 46.9 ± 14.6 | 42.0 ± 17.3 | 0.24 |
| Duration of UC, years | 8.8 (2.9–18.4) | 3.5 (1.4–9.6) | 0.04 |
| Inpatient status at CJI testing, n (%) | 10 (47.6) | 26 (31.0) | 0.20 |
| UC extensive colitis, n (%) | 10 (52.6) | 53 (67.1) | 0.24 |
| Extra-intestinal manifestations, n (%) | 1 (5.9) | 13 (16.5) | 0.45 |
| Past history of chronic liver disease, n (%) | 4 (19.0) | 3 (3.6) | 0.03 |
| Past history of PSC | 2 (9.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0.04 |
| Chronic NSAID use, n (%) | 4 (19.0) | 20 (25.0) | 0.78 |
| Tobacco use, n (%) | 10 (47.6) | 37 (44.6) | 0.80 |
| Family history of IBD, n (%) | 3 (14.3) | 10 (12.0) | 0.72 |
| Past history of C. diff infection, n (%) | 2 (9.5) | 1 (1.2) | 0.10 |
| Past history of CMV colitis, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.2) | 0.99 |
| Past history of CJI colitis, n (%) | 1 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0.20 |
| Recent antibiotic use, n (%) | 4 (19.0) | 7 (8.3) | 0.22 |
| Recent overseas travel, n (%) | 2 (9.5) | 1 (1.2) | 0.10 |
| Hospitalization within last 12 months, n (%) | 6 (28.6) | 8 (9.5) | 0.03 |
| Severity of UC on recent endoscopy, n (%) | 0.07 | ||
| Normal | 1 (7.1) | 1 (1.3) | |
| Mild | 4 (28.6) | 14 (18.7) | |
| Moderate | 2 (14.3) | 35 (46.7) | |
| Severe | 7 (50.0) | 25 (33.3) | |
| Baseline 5-ASA use, n (%) | 14 (66.7) | 55 (66.3) | 0.97 |
| Baseline corticosteroid use, n (%) | 8 (38.1) | 28 (33.7) | 0.71 |
| Baseline immunomodulator use, n (%) | 4 (19.0) | 12 (14.5) | 0.74 |
| Baseline biologics use, n (%) | 3 (14.3) | 5 (6.0) | 0.20 |
Continuous values presented as mean ± standard deviation or medians (interquartile ranges). Bold values signifies statistical significance when P-value is < 0.05.
ASA = aminosalicylic acid; C. Diff = Clostridium difficile; CJI = Campylobacter jejuni infection; CMV = cytomegalovirus; IBD = inflammatory bowel disease; NSAID = non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; PSC = primary sclerosing cholangitis; UC = ulcerative colitis.