Table 1.
Participant demographic, treatment, and health characteristics, by inclusion status in qualitative OUD pathways analyses (N=283)
|
Included in analyses (n=121) |
Not included in analyses (n=162) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Valid n | n | % | n | % | P | |
|
| ||||||
| Female | 281 | 66 | 55 | 90 | 56 | .435 |
|
| ||||||
| Hispanic ethnicity | 282 | 10 | 8 | 15 | 9 | .465 |
|
| ||||||
| Race1 | ||||||
| Native American | 283 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 4 | .408 |
| Asian | 283 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | .573 |
| Native Hawaiian | 283 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | .392 |
| African American | 283 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 3 | .133 |
| White | 283 | 106 | 88 | 148 | 91 | .202 |
|
| ||||||
| Education | 282 | .585 | ||||
| Some high school, HS graduate or GED | 33 | 27 | 43 | 27 | ||
| Some college or technical school | 68 | 56 | 89 | 55 | ||
| College graduate | 15 | 12 | 26 | 16 | ||
| Post graduate | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Employment status | 281 | .734 | ||||
| Currently employed | 64 | 53 | 94 | 59 | ||
| Employed before entering treatment, but not currently | 9 | 7 | 9 | 6 | ||
| During the past 12 months | 24 | 20 | 26 | 16 | ||
| Longer than 12 months ago | 24 | 20 | 31 | 20 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Lifetime opioid use2 | ||||||
| Prescription opioids | 282 | 119 | 98 | 149 | 93 | .022 |
| Heroin | 282 | 57 | 47 | 74 | 46 | .472 |
| Both | 282 | 55 | 46 | 68 | 42 | .322 |
|
| ||||||
| Past-year opioid problems2 | ||||||
| Prescription opioids | 283 | 87 | 72 | 86 | 53 | .001 |
| Heroin | 283 | 21 | 17 | 36 | 22 | .195 |
| Both | 283 | 10 | 8 | 17 | 11 | .337 |
|
| ||||||
| Past 90 days addiction/chemical dependency treatment | 283 | 91 | 75 | 119 | 74 | .424 |
|
| ||||||
| Lifetime opioid treatment2 | ||||||
| Medication-assisted | ||||||
| Methadone | 270 | 46 | 39 | 68 | 44 | .236 |
| Buprenorphine | 272 | 66 | 56 | 87 | 56 | .531 |
| Both | 269 | 23 | 19 | 36 | 22 | .306 |
| Neither | 269 | 29 | 24 | 35 | 22 | .371 |
| Other | ||||||
| Outpatient/intensive outpatient | 277 | 95 | 80 | 129 | 82 | .409 |
| Residential | 270 | 61 | 53 | 71 | 46 | .176 |
| Any of the four3 | 283 | 118 | 98 | 157 | 97 | .455 |
|
| ||||||
| Pain2 | ||||||
| Experience pain daily or at all times | 280 | 68 | 56 | 81 | 50 | .181 |
| Severe or very severe in past 4 weeks | 283 | 19 | 16 | 30 | 19 | .324 |
| Interfered with work quite a bit/extremely in past 4 weeks | 281 | 28 | 23 | 37 | 23 | .532 |
|
| ||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | P | ||
|
| ||||||
| Age, years | 280 | 38.8 | 12.7 | 41.0 | 11.8 | .140 |
1
Individuals not included in these analyses are those who did not spontaneously report a pathway to their OUD therefore could not be coded into one of our emergent themes.
2
Items were not mutually exclusive and will not necessarily sum to 100%.
3
The four forms of addiction treatment/chemical dependency asked about were methadone, buprenorphine, outpatient, residential. The percent reporting they had not experienced any of those forms of treatment was 2.5% in the pathways subsample.