Table 1.

Study selection criteria following the PICOS guidelines.

	Inclusion Criteria	Exclusion Criteria
Population	Studies targeting children ages 2 to 18	Studies targeting pregnant women, infants, adults Studies targeting children who are underweight Studies targeting participants who are hospitalized, in residential overnight camps, or are in assisted living
Intervention	Behavior change intervention aiming to impact child, parent, or family weight-related behaviors Interventions delivered in any modality (e.g., in person, phone, or web), format (e.g., individual/family, or group), or setting (e.g., school, clinic, or community)	Pharmacologic or surgical interventions Breastfeeding interventions Prescribed diet or exercise or environmental interventions with no behavioral component Interventions delivered entirely during the school day or community-wide interventions where fidelity cannot be feasibly measured at the individual or family level
Outcome	Objective measure of child weight outcome (e.g., BMIz or percent overweight)
Study Design	Individual or group randomized controlled trials published as original articles Study articles published after 1990 Study articles published in English Study articles reporting intervention descriptions or fidelity data for the primary intervention (e.g., design papers, process evaluations, cost-effectiveness analyses)	Observational studies (e.g., developing but not testing interventions, developing theoretical frameworks, validating outcome measures, correlates of obesity, case studies, cohort studies, or case-control studies) Quasi-experimental studies (e.g., pre/post studies, or non-randomized control group) Cross-sectional (as opposed to cohort) group randomized trials Secondary syntheses of RCTs not likely to report on treatment fidelity (e.g., study recruitment or study measure development) Secondary syntheses of existing literature (e.g., systematic reviews, commentaries, or book chapters) Unpublished works (e.g., dissertations or abstracts)

PICOS- participants, interventions, comparisons, outcomes, and study design.