Table 3. Factors associated with mortality over 1 year (Cox proportional hazards model).

Factors		Univariate			Multivariate
		HR	95%CI	p	HR	95%CI	p
Gender (male)		0.99	0.48–2.04	>0.05
Older age at first admission		1.26	0.86–1.85	>0.05
Disease duration > 2 years		1.49	1.03–2.15	0.035	1.45	0.98–2.16	>0.05
Time of diagnosis > 1year		0.86	0.55–1.34	>0.05
SLEDAI > 15 in admission		1.53	1.06–2.21	0.024	1.05	0.69–1.61	>0.05
SLEDAI > 10 at discharge		1.40	0.91–2.16	>0.05
SDI ≥ 2 in admission		0.93	0.38–2.29	>0.05
Organ involvements	Mucocutaneous	0.97	0.66–1.43	>0.05
	Musculoskeletal	0.81	0.56–1.17	>0.05
	Neuropsychiatric	2.17	1.22–3.86	0.009	1.91	1.03–3.52	0.039
	Cardiopulmonary	2.12	1.43–3.15	0.000	1.61	1.06–2.46	0.026
	Gastrointestinal	1.31	0.86–1.98	>0.05
	Renal	1.79	1.22–2.62	0.003	0.53	0.20–1.41	>0.05
	Hematologic	1.12	0.78–1.62	>0.05
Lab tests	Leukopenia	0.94	0.65–1.37	>0.05
	Anemia	2.15	1.40–3.30	0.000	1.46	0.93–2.31	>0.05
	Thrombocytopenia	1.45	0.97–2.15	>0.05
	Elevated transaminases	1.44	0.94–2.20	>0.05
	Hypoalbuminemia	2.12	1.40–3.22	0.000	1.41	0.90–2.20	>0.05
	Increased blood urea nitrogen	2.55	1.72–3.77	0.000	1.24	0.76–2.03	>0.05
	Increased serum creatinine	4.16	2.60–6.66	0.000	2.58	1.44–4.61	0.001
	Proteinuria	1.80	1.23–2.63	0.002	2.00	0.79–5.09	>0.05
	Decreased complement C3	1.00	0.63–1.59	>0.05
	Decreased complement C4	1.05	0.62–1.77	>0.05
	Positive anti-dsDNA	1.67	1.11–2.49	0.013	1.60	1.09–2.37	0.017
	Positive anti-Sm	0.46	0.28–0.76	0.002	0.45	0.28–0.74	0.001
	Positive RF	0.98	0.55–1.75	>0.05
Treatments	Steroids	1.45	0.64–3.31	>0.05
	Anti-malarial drugs	0.49	0.32–0.74	0.001	0.54	0.35–0.82	0.004
	Cyclophosphamide	0.87	0.60–1.26	>0.05
	Other ISA	1.20	0.75–1.90	>0.05