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. 2016 Jan 26;21(12):1752–1767. doi: 10.1038/mp.2015.212

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Copyright © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited

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Use-it-or-lose-it experiment. (a) Long-term learning curve in the touch-screen visual discrimination task showing significantly earlier task completion of erythropoietin (EPO)-treated mice (placebo n=11 and EPO n=10, log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test). (b and c) Pyramidal neuron counts obtained by stereological counting at 6 months of age (4 months after cessation of EPO/placebo treatment) in mice without (n=10 in case of CA1 for both groups, and n=9 and n=10 in case of CA3 for placebo and EPO groups, respectively) (b) or with (n=11 for placebo, for EPO n=8 and n=9 in CA1 and CA3, respectively) (c) continuous cognitive challenge using touch-screen. All bar graphs shown as mean±s.e.m. (all analyses unpaired one-tailed t-tests).