Table 2. Comparison of the Metabolic Variables according to Body Mass Index (n=33,432).
| Variable | <23 kg/m2 (n=11,291) | 23–25 kg/m2 (n=8,928) | >25 kg/m2 (n=13,213) | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 41.0±7.7 | 42.1±7.8 | 41.5±7.4 | <0.01 |
| Male sex | 7,210 (63.9) | 7,709 (86.3) | 11,917 (90.2) | <0.01 |
| Height, cm | 168.3±8.2 | 170.8±7.2 | 171.4±7.1 | <0.01 |
| Body weight, kg | 59.9±7.7 | 70.0±6.1 | 80.5±9.4 | <0.01 |
| WC, cm | 76.8±5.5 | 84.6±3.9 | 92.6±6.2 | <0.01 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.1±1.5 | 24.0±0.6 | 27.3±2.2 | <0.01 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 108.1±12.5 | 113.5±11.8 | 118.1±12.2 | <0.01 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 69.9±9.6 | 73.6±9.5 | 76.7±9.9 | <0.01 |
| FBS, mg/dL | 95.3±14.6 | 98.9±16.5 | 101.8±18.2 | <0.01 |
| TC, mg/dL | 194.6±33.6 | 203.5±34.8 | 208.4±36.7 | <0.01 |
| TG, mg/dL | 101.6±60.8 | 136.0±87.3 | 167.3±104.8 | <0.01 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 60.3±14.4 | 53.2±12.4 | 48.8±11.1 | <0.01 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 120.0±30.8 | 130.9±31.3 | 135.6±32.8 | <0.01 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.63±0.5 | 5.70±0.5 | 5.80±0.6 | <0.01 |
| Fasting insulin, IU/L | 4.4±2.6 | 5.8±10.7 | 8.3±4.9 | <0.01 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.04±0.7 | 1.42±2.0 | 2.12±1.5 | <0.01 |
| hs-CRP, mg/dL | 0.09±0.4 | 0.11±0.4 | 0.15±0.4 | <0.01 |
| Smoker | 2,317 (20.5) | 2,519 (28.2) | 4,360 (33.0) | <0.01 |
| Mean CACS | 6.7±49.5 | 11.7±75.3 | 14.8±84.7 | <0.01 |
| Proportion of participants with CACS >0 | 1,117 (9.9) | 1,397 (15.6) | 13,213 (18.7) | <0.01 |
| Proportion of participants with diabetes | 355 (3.1) | 509 (5.7) | 1,148 (8.7) | <0.01 |
| Proportion of participants with hypertension | 570 (5.0) | 808 (9.1) | 2,003 (15.2) | <0.01 |
Values are expressed as mean±SD or number (%).
WC, waist circumference; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBS, fasting blood sugar; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment index-insulin resistance; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; CACS, coronary artery calcium score.
aAll mean values are significantly different among the three groups in the post hoc analyses.