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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Med. 2016 Sep 14;47(1):1–17. doi: 10.1017/S0033291716002075

Figure 2. Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Cognitive Function and Subsequent Depression.

Figure 2

A forest plot for all studies that investigated associations between cognition and later depression. Results are reported as correlation coefficients denoted by squares, and 95% confidence intervals indicated by lines (effect sizes are converted to correlation coefficients if reported as odds ratios). Meta-analysis results are displayed as the diamond. The overall analysis found a significant effect of cognition on depression (r=−0.088; 95% CI: −0.121, −0.054; p<0.001).