Table 3.
Cognitive and Event-Related Potential (ERP) Measures From the Cued Continuous Performance Test
| Site | ADHD (n = 69) |
Preterm (n = 186) |
Control (n = 135) |
Cohen’s d |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | a | b | c | ||
| MRT | — | 413.7 (20.7) | 69.7 (66.4) | 404.0 (-2.8) | 71.5 (69.7) | 385.6 (-10.1) | 48.0 (48.0) | 0.34∗ | 0.56∗ | 0.12∗ |
| RTV | — | 109.7 (23.0) | 59.0 (57.2) | 97.6 (-3.0) | 50.9 (49.0) | 80.2 (-9.2) | 58.3 (41.0) | 0.51∗ | 0.68∗ | 0.13∗ |
| OE | — | 2.5 (1.2) | 3.8 (3.8) | 1.7 (-0.1) | 4.1 (4.1) | 0.7 (-0.7) | 1.4 (1.4) | 0.32∗ | 0.76∗ | 0.19∗ |
| CE | — | 4.1 (0.9) | 5.1 (5.4) | 4.1 (-0.6) | 9.9 (9.9) | 1.9 (-1.6) | 2.2 (2.3) | 0.17∗ | 0.70∗ | 0.13∗ |
| Cue-P3 | Pz | 5.74 (-0.29) | 3.9 (3.6) | 7.44 (-0.27) | 3.9 (3.8) | 6.37 (0.22) | 2.6 (2.4) | 0.01∗ | 0.18∗ | 0.15∗ |
| CNV | Cz | -2.30 (0.89) | 4.7 (4.7) | -2.75 (0.25) | 2.2 (2.1) | -3.65 (-0.50) | 2.0 (2.0) | 0.21∗ | 0.44∗ | 0.36∗ |
| CPz | -2.31 (0.78) | 4.5 (4.5) | -2.16 (0.55) | 2.4 (2.4) | -3.78 (-0.79) | 1.8 (1.8) | 0.07∗ | 0.52∗ | 0.62∗ | |
| Go-P3 | CPz | 8.30 (0.23) | 6.3 (6.1) | 8.28 (-0.76) | 5.2 (5.1) | 8.81 (0.54) | 4.1 (4.0) | 0.18∗ | 0.07∗ | 0.28∗ |
| Pz | 9.18 (0.58) | 6.5 (6.2) | 8.89 (-1.17) | 5.2 (5.0) | 9.93 (1.05) | 4.3 (4.1) | 0.33∗ | 0.10∗ | 0.48∗ | |
| NoGo-P3 | FCz | 6.14 (-1.21) | 4.1 (4.2) | 8.21 (0.48) | 5.0 (5.0) | 8.00 (0.09) | 4.7 (4.6) | 0.36∗ | 0.29∗ | 0.14∗ |
| Cz | 6.77 (-1.25) | 4.3 (4.4) | 6.56 (-0.70) | 4.4 (4.4) | 9.73 (1.86) | 4.5 (4.6) | 0.12∗ | 0.65∗ | 0.57∗ | |
| NoGo-N2 | Fz | -4.95 (-0.35) | 3.2 (3.3) | -6.02 (0.04) | 4.0 (3.9) | -4.69 (0.20) | 3.2 (3.1) | 0.10∗ | 0.17∗ | 0.04∗ |
Note: Means, standard deviations (SD), and effect sizes (Cohen’s d) for the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), preterm, and control group are shown. Values represent raw scores. Regression-based corrections are shown in bold in parentheses. Moderate effect sizes are shown in italics. a = ADHD vs. Preterm; b = ADHD vs. Control; c = Preterm vs. Control; CE = commission errors; CNV = contingent negative variation; MRT = mean reaction time in milliseconds; OE = omission errors; RTV = reaction time variability in milliseconds.
∗
p < .05.