| DOHaD | The developmental origins of health and disease |
| LMIC | low and middle income countries |
| NCD | noncommunicable disease |
| LDL | low-density lipoprotein |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| AIDS | acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
| iMMR | institutional maternal mortality rate |
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