E. coli is resistant to SDS regardless of growth stage. Cells prepared to be actively growing (A), carbon limited (B), or nitrogen limited (C) were treated with 2% SDS, and viability was assayed at the indicated time points. Filled data points indicate untreated samples, while open data points indicate SDS-treated samples. *, P < 0.05, for comparisons of results for treated and untreated samples.