Table 5.
Factors Associated with All-Cause Mortality among non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Diagnosed in 1996, 2005, and 2010 by Stage, Patterns of Care
| Stage1 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | I/II | IIIA | IIIB/IV |
| HR2 (95% CI) | HR2 (95% CI) | HR2 (95% CI) | |
| Year of Diagnosis | |||
| 1996 | 1.00 | ||
| 2005 | 0.83 (0.69 – 0.99) | ||
| 2010 | 0.88 (0.74 – 1.05) | ||
| Age at diagnosis, years | |||
| <70 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 70–79 | 1.60 (1.17 – 2.19) | 1.10 (0.93 – 1.30) | |
| ≥80 | 1.76 (1.19 – 2.61) | 1.07 (0.85 – 1.34) | |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Female | 0.73 (0.56 – 0.95) | 0.88 (0.76 – 1.01) | |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| non-Hispanic white | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| non-Hispanic black | 1.11 (0.83 – 1.47) | 1.24 (0.85–1.79) | |
| non-Hispanic other | 0.73 (0.48 – 1.11) | 1.08 (0.59 – 1.97) | |
| Hispanic | 0.58 (0.35 – 0.97) | 2.19 (1.41 – 3.41) | |
| Health insurance | |||
| Other (Private/HMO/VA) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medicaid, any | 1.64 (1.07 – 2.54) | 1.06 (0.63 – 1.76) | 0.96 (0.81 – 1.15) |
| Medicare only | 1.56 (1.08 – 2.25) | 1.63 (1.01 – 2.64) | 1.22 (0.99 – 1.50) |
| None/Unknown | 2.19 (1.28 – 3.73) | 1.96 (0.96 – 3.99) | 1.21 (0.88 – 1.66) |
| COPD | |||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 1.56 (1.16 – 2.11) | 1.41 (0.98–2.02) | |
| Charlson comorbidity score3 | |||
| 0 | 1.00 | ||
| 1 | 1.25 (0.90 – 1.72) | ||
| ≥2 | 1.52 (0.89 – 2.58) | ||
| Smoking History | |||
| Never | 1.00 | ||
| Ever | 1.15 (0.92 – 1.45) | ||
| Unknown | 0.75 (0.51 – 1.09) | ||
| Histology | |||
| Squamous | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Adenocarcinoma | 0.85 (0.60 – 1.19) | 1.04 (0.86 – 1.26) | |
| Carcinoma, NOS | 0.76 (0.52 – 1.09) | 1.44 (1.18 – 1.77) | |
| Large | 1.69 (1.02 – 2.78) | 1.22 (0.85 – 1.75) | |
| Radiation | |||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 0.99 (0.62 – 1.57) | 0.76 (0.66 – 0.88) | |
| Surgery | |||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 0.30 (0.20 – 0.46) | 0.45 (0.30–0.66) | 0.46 (0.34 – 0.61) |
| Chemotherapy | |||
| No | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 0.43 (0.37 – 0.50) | ||
| Targeted Therapy | |||
| No | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 0.57 (0.46 – 0.70) | ||
| Systemic Therapy | |||
| No | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 1.39 (0.99 – 1.95) | ||
1
American Joint Committee on Cancer (1996: 3rd Edition; 2005 and 2010: 6th Edition)
2
Estimated Cox Proportional Hazards Ratio for all-cause mortality, adjusted for variables found to be significant during bivariate analyses.
3
Charlson comorbidity score, excluding lung cancer and COPD from the calculation.
CI: Confidence Interval; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; HR: Hazard Ratio; NOS: not otherwise specified; VA: Veteran Affairs