Nrf2 inhibition reversed the resistance to artesunate. (A, B) Silencing of Nrf2 and HO-1 genes was examined using an siRNA control (siCtr) and siRNA against NFE2L2 and HMOX1. *P<0.01 relative to siCtr, **P<0.01 relative to siNFE2L2 transfection. (C–E) Changes in cell number, cellular GSH, and total ROS levels of HN3-cisR cells exposed to 25 or 50 μM Arts, trolox (0.5 mM) or the combinations. *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 compared between groups.