Cerebrovascular disease pathologies on histology, gross pathology, and imaging. (A) White-matter hyperintensities: rarefied tissue (indicated by arrows) on histology, discolored white matter on gross pathology, and hyperintensity on FLAIR MRI. (B) Large cortical infarct: tissue loss and gliosis on H&E stained histology slide, apparent tissue loss on gross pathology, tissue loss with surrounding hyperintensity. (C) Subcortical cerebellar infarct: tissue loss and gliosis on H&E stained histology slide, apparent tissue loss on gross pathology, tissue loss with surrounding hyperintensity. (D) Cortical microinfarct (indicated by arrows): tissue loss and gliosis on H&E stained histology slide, not apparent on gross pathology, microinfarcts >1 mm seen on high-resolution MRI. (E) Lobar microbleeds/CAA: amyloid uptake in vessel walls seen on parietal lobe histology slide with amyloid stain, not apparent on gross pathology, microbleed visible in parietal lobe (shown by arrow), and increased focal uptake seen on amyloid PET scan (shown by arrow). Abbreviations: CAA, cerebral amyloid angiopathy; FLAIR, Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery; GRE, gradient recalled echo; WMH, white-matter hyperintensity.