Table 1. Characteristics of the study population.
| Total | Men | Women | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 1655 | 798 (48.2) | 857 (51.8) |
| Age (years) (Mean ± SD) | 39.97±12.20 | 39.6±12.2 | 40.3±12.2 |
| 18–40 y (n,%) | 883 (53.4) | 435 (26.3) | 448 (27.1) |
| 41–65 y (n,%) | 772 (46.6) | 363 (21.9) | 409 (24.7) |
| Weight (kg) (Mean ± SD) | 74.2±16.48 | 82.4±15.34 | 66.6±13.62 * |
| Height (cm) (Mean ± SD) | 167.7±9.35 | 174.5±6.95 | 161.3±6.37 * |
| BMI (kg/m2) (Mean ± SD) | 26.3±5.15 | 27.1±4.87 | 25.6±5.3 * |
| Overweight (n,%) | 592 (35.8) | 323 (40.5) | 269 (31.4) * |
| Obesity (n,%) | 329 (19.9) | 181 (22.7) | 148 (17.3) * |
| Waist circumference (cm) (Mean ± SD) | 88.1±14.5 | 93.8±13.61 | 82.7±13.19 * |
| WHtR (Mean ± SD) | 0.53±0.08 | 0.54±0.08 | 0.51±0.09 * |
| Abdominal obesitya (%) | 966 (58.4) | 516 (64.7) | 450 (52.5) * |
| Region (n,%) | |||
| South | 425 (25.7) | 198 (24.8) | 227 (26.5) |
| Central | 379 (22.9) | 197 (24.7) | 182 (21.2) |
| Atlantic | 281 (17.0) | 137 (17.2) | 144 (16.8) |
| Mediterranean | 570 (34.4) | 266 (33.3) | 304 (35.5) |
| Habitat sizeb (n,%) | |||
| Rural | 564 (34.1) | 266 (33.3) | 298 (34.8) |
| Semi-urban | 561 (33.9) | 284 (35.6) | 277 (32.3) |
| Urban | 530 (32.0) | 248 (31.0) | 282 (32.9) |
| Level of education (n,%) | |||
| Primary or less | 443 (26.8) | 212 (26.5) | 231 (26.9) |
| Secondary | 810 (48.9) | 396 (49.6) | 414 (48.3) |
| University | 402 (24.3) | 190 (23.8) | 212 (24.7) |
| Family income (n,%) | |||
| 0–1000 € | 315 (19.0) | 162 (20.3) | 153 (17.9) |
| 1000–2000 € | 647 (39.1) | 290 (36.3) | 357 (41.7) |
| ≥2000 € | 303 (18.3) | 151 (18.9) | 152 (17.7) |
| No answer (%) | 390 (23.6) | 195 (24.4) | 195 (22.8) |
| Immigrant population (n, %) | 65 (3.9) | 58 (7.27) | 48 (5.6) |
| Rate of unemployment (n, %) | 272 (16.4) | 228 (28.6) | 118 (13.8) |
| Smoking status (n,%) | |||
| Non smoker | 1076 (65.0) | 480 (60.1) | 596 (69.5) |
| Smoker | 579 (35.0) | 318 (39.8) | 261 (30.4) |
| Vigorous physical activity (min/wk) (Mean ± SD) | 149.2±264.15 | 209±302 | 94±209 * |
| <75 min/wk (n,%) | 1041 (62.9) | 420 (52.6) | 621 (72.5) |
| 75–149 min/wk (n,%) | 118 (7.1) | 49 (6.1) | 69 (8.1) |
| 150–299 min/wk (n,%) | 185 (11.2) | 107 (13.4) | 78 (9.1) |
| ≥300 min/wk (n,%) | 311 (18.8) | 222 (27.8) | 89 (10.4) |
| Moderate-vigorous physical activity (min/wk) (Mean ± SD) | 565±509 | 524±513 | 603±503 * |
| <150 min/wk (n,%) | 415 (25.1) | 230 (28.9) | 185 (21.6) |
| 150–300 min/wk (n,%) | 224 (13.6) | 114 (14.3) | 110 (12.9) |
| ≥300 min/wk (n,%) | 1013 (61.3) | 452 (56.8) | 562 (65.5) |
| Time watching TV | |||
| Never or almost never (n,%) | 56 (3.4) | 30 (3.7) | 26 (3.0) |
| Low frequency (n,%) | 204 (12.3) | 88 (11.02) | 116 (13.5) |
| Frequently (n,%) | 311 (18.8) | 140 (17.5) | 171 (19.9) |
| Quite often (n,%) | 651 (39.4) | 318 (39.8) | 333 (38.8) |
| Very often (n,%) | 432 (26.1) | 222 (27.8) | 210 (24.5) |
| Sleep time (h/day) (Mean ± SD) | 7.46±1.13 | 7.46±1.10 | 7.46±1.16 |
| <7 h/day (n,%) | 318 (20.6) | 147 (19.8) | 171 (21.3) |
| 7–8 h/day (n,%) | 506 (32.7) | 259 (34.8) | 247 (30.8) |
| ≥8 h/day (n,%) | 722 (46.7) | 338 (45.4) | 384 (47.9) |
BMI: Body mass index, WHtR: Waist to height ratio
* Significant differences regarding sex
a Abdominal obesity defined by WHtR ≥0.5
b Habitat size: rural populations: 2,000–30,000; semi-urban: 30,000–200,000; urban population: over 200,000 inhabitants.