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. 2016 Nov 21;127(1):132–136. doi: 10.1172/JCI88668

Figure 2. Metformin induces antiproliferation signaling by inhibiting respiration and prevents tumorigenesis.

Figure 2

(A) Crystal violet staining and quantification of SCO2+/+ and SCO2–/– HCT116 cells after metformin (Met) treatment for 10 days (n = 4–6). (B) HCT116 cells treated with metformin overnight prior to immunoblotting. pT-AMPK is from a separate gel using the same samples. Representative of 3 experiments. (C) p53172H/H mice (approximately 10 weeks old) were injected (i.p.) with metformin daily for 1 week prior to thymus immunoblotting. (D) OCR and immunoblots of thymus from approximately 7-week-old p53172H/H mice treated with metformin by mouth (p.o) in drinking water for 3 weeks (n = 6–7). (E) Kaplan-Meier survival plot of p53172H/H mouse treated with metformin in drinking water (n = 21–70). Statistical difference by 2-way ANOVA (A), 1-way ANOVA (D), and log-rank test (E). *P < 0.01; **P < 0.001; ***P < 0.0001.