Table 2.

Baseline to 12-month scores, 12-month participants (N=857).

Variablea	Baseline mean (SD)	12-month mean (SD)	Baseline to 12-Month		P > |t| Baseline to 12 months
			Mean change	95% CI
HbA1c ↓ b (n=526)	8.04 (1.44)	7.60 (1.55)	–0.447	–0.559 to –0.348	<.001
PHQ-8 depression (0-24) ↓	5.92 (4.96)	4.89 (4.87)	–1.02	–1.32 to –0.753	<.001
General health (0-5) ↓	2.87 (0.770)	2.77 (0.768)	–0.097	–0.140 to –0.048	<.001
Illness intrusiveness (1-7) ↓	2.79 (1.22)	2.65 (1.29)	–0.133	–0.214 to –0.065	<.001
Hypoglycemic symptoms (0-7) ↓	1.39 (1.42)	1.13 (1.29)	–0.260	–0.352 to –0.171	<.001
Fatigue (1-10) ↓	4.82 (2.31)	4.28 (2.52)	–0.541	–0.707 to –0.385	<.001
Sleep (1-10) ↓	3.91 (2.91)	3.68 (2.82)	–0.223	–0.427 to –0.040	.02
Aerobic exercise (min/week) ↑	84.0 (99.6)	101 (102)	16.7	9.91 to 23.4	<.001
Stretching or range of motion (min/week) ↑	27.6 (45.1)	34.0 (47.7)	6.28	2.83 to 9.52	<.001
Communication with MD (0-5) ↑	2.61 (1.08)	2.87 (1.20)	0.255	0.185 to 0.322	<.001
Medication adherence (0-4) ↓	1.09 (1.17)	0.917 (1.07)	–0.180	–0.240 to –0.103	<.001
Proportion eye exam, last 12 months (0,1) ↑c	0.778	0.849	0.070	0.035 to 0.105	<.001
Proportion foot exam, last 12 months (0,1) ↑c	0.710	0.799	0.090	0.056 to 0.123	<.001
Proportion cholesterol exam, last 12 months (0,1) ↑c	0.932	0.947	0.014	–0.007 to 0.036	.19
Proportion kidney exam, last 12 months (0,1) ↑c	0.776	0.885	0.109	0.077 to 0.141	<.001

^aPossible range given in parentheses after variable name.

^bBecause of a lab recalibration changing HbA1c measurement, HbA1c prior to June 2014 was adjusted by adding 0.4. ↑ Indicates that a higher score is desirable, and ↓ that a lower score is desirable.

^c“Don’t know” set to no exam, change scores for those in both 6- and 12-month follow-ups.