Fig. 4.

Phobic subjects showed increased initial activation during anticipation of phobia-specific in contrast to neutral pictures in left amygdala, right and left anterior insula and a cluster of increased activation extending from the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) to the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC). Statistical parametric maps are overlaid on an averaged T1 scan (radiological convention: left = right). Graphs display contrasts of parameter estimates (phobia-specific vs. neutral picture anticipation; mean ± standard error for activation cluster).