Fig. 2.

Electrogenic property of NADPH oxidases is necessary for V_m depolarization and catalytic property for regeneration, TEP increase and J_I reversal. (A,A′) Loss and rescue of regeneration by ROS and H₂O₂ modulation. (A) Representative 7 dpa tails from vehicle-control (DMSO 0.1%) and pharmacologically treated tadpoles. White lines: amputation plane. (A′) Qualitative and quantitative analyses of regeneration efficiency for the different conditions tested. RI, regeneration index. (B,B′) Activity of NADPH oxidases per se depolarizes V_m. (B) Representative tails under transmitted light (top panels) and fluorescence imaging (bottom panels) of membrane potential-sensitive dye DiBAC₄(3) in vehicle control and after pharmacological treatment at 6 hpa. Green arrowhead, V_m depolarization (relatively positive) in the bud; red arrowhead, no V_m depolarization in the bud. (B′) Semi-quantitative analysis of V_m for the different conditions tested. (C,D) Pharmacological loss and rescue of regeneration are correlated with variations of TEP (C) and J_I (D). In D, frequencies of current reversals (mean percentage of inward J_I, diamonds) also correlated with pharmacological treatment. *P<0.05 versus J_I magnitude; ^#P<0.05 versus J_I reversals; **^,##P<0.01; ***^,###P<0.001. a.u., arbitrary units. Scale bars: 1 mm; n values are indicated in brackets.