Table 1.

Different expressions of WNT5A in human breast cancer.

Experimental material	Detection method	Detection substance	WNT5A expression levels	References
Human breast cell lines	Nuclease protection assays	mRNA	low	Lejeune et al. [8]
Human normal breast tissue, Benign proliferations and invasive cancer tissue	Nuclease protection	mRNA	invasive cancer tissue is higher than normal breast tissues but lower than benign proliferations	Lejeune et al. [8] Fernandez-Cobo et al. [19] Iozzo et al. [34]
Human normal breast tissues and malignant breast tumors tissues	Real-time PCR	mRNA	lower in tumors than in normal tissue	Leris et al. [21] Trifa et al.[22]
Human breast cell lines	Western Blot	Protein	cells from invasive mammary carcinoma is higher than hyperplasia and carcinoma in situ	MacMillan et al. [20]
Human triple-negative breast cancer specimens	Immunohistochemistry	Protein	negative WNT5A expression correlated with positive lymph node metastasis, Ki67 proliferation and shorter survival	Zhong et al. [23] Borcherding et al. [24]
Human primary invasive breast carcinoma tissues	Immunohistochemistry	Protein	loss of WNT5A associates with early relapse and death	Jonsson et al. [33]
Human breast cancer biopsies obtained pre- and post-chemotherapy	Immunohistochemistry	Protein	WNT5A was found significantly overexpressed in breast cancer biopsies after chemotherapeutic treatment than before	Hung et al. [44]