Table 2.
Studies of the costs and cost-effectiveness of vector control interventions
| Study area (year) | Perspective and scope | Plasmodium vivax cases (%) | Drummond's criteria | Intervention | Cost 2013 USD | Cost-effectiveness 2013 USD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rakhine State, Myanmar (1998–1999)31 | Provider serv. incl. | 52% | 9/10 | ITNs vs. control | 10.00 per net distributed 5.56 per person protected | 51 per DALY averted |
| ITNs + EDAET* vs. EDAET alone | 148 per DALY averted | |||||
| Thailand, villages near Myanmar border(1993–1994)34,35 | Provider | 20–33 | 9/10 | Control (surveillance only) | 3.43 per person at risk | |
| serv. incl. | ITNs (impregnation only) | 0.55 per person protected | 7.89 per case averted (compared with control) | |||
| IRS (DDT) | 1.32 per person protected | 16.54 per case averted (compared with control) | ||||
| ITNs (impregnation only) + control | 2.28 per person protected | −16.80 per case averted* | ||||
| IRS (DDT) + control | 2.80 per person protected | −7.88 per case averted* | ||||
| Gujarat, India (1997–1998)36 | Societal | NA | 10/10 | ITNs vs. control (EDPT†) | 3.52 per net distributed | 74.84 per case averted |
| Serv. incl. | 2.25 per person protected | |||||
| IRS (cyclthin) vs. control (EDPT) | 10.77 per house sprayed | 126.39 per case averted | ||||
| 2.05 per person protected | ||||||
| ITNs vs. IRS (cyclthin) | 32.36 per case averted | |||||
| Ninh Thuan, Vietnam forest (2012)37 | Societal serv. incl. | 47 | 10/10 | long-lasting insecticide treated hammock vs. control | 11.93 per hammock | 127.85 per case averted |
| Colombia (2000–2001)38 | Provider serv. incl. | NA | 6/10 | ITN impregnation (twice yearly) | 6.71–16.32 per net impregnated | |
| 4.87–11.19 per person protected | No effectiveness data | |||||
| IRS (lambdacyhalothrin, twice yearly) | 48.43–62.90 per house | |||||
| 9.74–13.55 per person protected | ||||||
| Solomon Islands (1989–1990)39 | Provider | NA | 6/10 | ITNs | 3.71 per person protected | No effectiveness data |
| Serv. incl. | IRS (DDT) | 8.22 per person protected | ||||
| Hoa Binh, Vietnam mountain (1996)40 | Provider | NA | 6/10 | ITNs (5-year duration) | 1.34 per person year | |
| Serv. incl. | ITN (impregnation only, twice yearly) | 0.48 per person year | No effectiveness data | |||
| IRS (lambdacyhalothrin, once yearly) | 0.70 per person year |
DALY = disability-adjusted life year; DDT = dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; ITN = insecticide-treated bed net; IRS = indoor residual spraying; NA = not applicable. All costs have been inflated to 2013 USD. Cases refer to both cases of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum. Unless stated otherwise, studies were costed from a provider perspective. Serv. incl. denotes that service delivery is included in the costing scope.
*
Cost saving (dominant). Early diagnosis (with RDTs) and early treatment (with ACTs).
†
Early diagnosis and prompt treatment.