Fig 4. Mean nightly captures of Helicoverpa zea in black light traps during 1996–2014 in Maryland, USA and its association with damage to Bt corn hybrids.

The population abundance of H. zea at or near study sites decreased over the past two decades (A), and showed no relationship with damage levels in Bt sweet corn hybrids (B). Lines represent predictions from LMMs and shades depict upper and lower confidence intervals (95% CI).