Table 1. Associations with risk of Barrett’s esophagus, compared with primary care controls.
| All BEs (n = 329) | Long-segment BE (n = 118) | Short-segment BE (n = 200) | Newly diagnosed BE (n = 208) | Prevalent BE (n = 109) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOR* (95% CI) | AOR* (95% CI) | AOR* (95% CI) | AOR* (95% CI) | AOR* (95% CI) | ||
| BMI | ||||||
| <25 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| 25–29.9 | 0.75 (0.48–1.18) | 0.50 (0.26–0.96) | 0.92 (0.55–1.56) | 0.61 (0.37–1.01) | 1.18 (0.57–2.45) | |
| ≥30 | 0.73 (0.47–1.13) | 0.61 (0.33–1.12) | 0.81 (0.49–1.36) | 0.66 (0.41–1.06) | 0.96 (0.47–1.96) | |
| WHR | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Tertile 2 | 0.99 (0.68–1.46) | 1.01 (0.57–1.78) | 0.93 (0.60–1.45) | 0.90 (0.58–1.39) | 1.16 (0.64–2.09) | |
| Tertile 3 | 1.19 (0.81–1.75) | 1.22 (0.70–2.13) | 1.14 (0.74–1.77) | 1.04 (0.67–1.61) | 1.53 (0.86–2.73) | |
| GERD symptoms | ||||||
| Never | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Ever | 5.24 (3.60–7.61) | 7.50 (4.00–14.1) | 4.27 (2.79–6.53) | 3.85 (2.56–5.79) | 13.0 (5.83–29.1) | |
| GERD duration | ||||||
| Never | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| <5 yrs | 4.83 (1.08–21.7) | 8.07 (1.37–47.6) | 2.81 (0.52–15.2) | 5.17 (1.01–26.4) | 4.33 (0.68–27.5) | |
| 5–9 yrs | 4.09 (1.18–14.1) | 5.97 (1.17–30.5) | 3.53 (0.87–14.4) | 2.84 (0.61–13.3) | 8.73 (1.99–38.3) | |
| ≥10 yrs | 4.35 (3.09–6.12) | 4.75 (2.93–7.69) | 3.95 (2.68–5.82) | 3.68 (2.51–5.40) | 5.86 (3.52–9.75) | |
| Frequency of GERD and age at onset | ||||||
| Never | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| ≥weekly age <30y | 12.0 (5.95–24.3) | 19.9 (7.96–49.7) | 8.54 (3.85–18.9) | 7.37 (3.36–16.2) | 43.2 (14.9–125) | |
| ≥weekly age 30-49y | 7.77 (4.47–13.5) | 12.0 (5.03–28.7) | 6.01 (3.23–11.2) | 5.71 (3.09–10.5) | 19.6 (7.15–53.7) | |
| ≥weekly age 50-79y | 5.59 (3.15–9.90) | 7.47 (3.12–17.9) | 4.77 (2.49–9.13) | 3.66 (1.90–7.05) | 15.8 (5.89–42.5) | |
| <weekly age <30y | 2.35 (0.64–8.67) | 2.39 (0.25–22.8) | 2.59 (0.62–10.7) | 2.84 (0.77–10.4) | - | |
| <weekly age 30-49y | 2.02 (0.56–8.67) | 1.97 (0.21–18.1) | 1.49 (0.30–7.51) | 1.87 (0.46–7.58) | - | |
| <weekly age 50-79y | 3.24 (1.01–10.4) | 1.89 (0.21–17.2) | 3.96 (1.16–13.5) | 3.47 (1.02–11.8) | 2.90 (0.29–29.2) | |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Never | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Ever | 1.13 (0.79–1.62) | 1.00 (0.60–1.65) | 1.17 (0.77–1.79) | 0.99 (0.66–1.49) | 1.32 (0.77–2.26) | |
| Alcohol status | ||||||
| Never | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Former | 1.09 (0.57–2.07) | 0.68 (0.30–1.56) | 1.44 (0.64–3.22) | 1.13 (0.53–2.39) | 0.91 (0.38–2.21) | |
| Current | 0.90 (0.48–1.69) | 0.58 (0.26–1.26) | 1.15 (0.52–2.53) | 0.92 (0.45–1.92) | 0.73 (0.31–1.72) | |
| H pylori infection | ||||||
| No | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Yes | 0.62 (0.44–0.88) | 0.45 (0.26–0.79) | 0.71 (0.48–1.05) | 0.72 (0.49–1.07) | 0.37 (0.20–0.69) | |
| NSAID use | ||||||
| None | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| < Daily | 0.50 (0.22–1.15) | 0.37 (0.09–1.49) | 0.65 (0.26–1.61) | 0.54 (0.22–1.37) | 0.34 (0.07–1.69) | |
| Daily | 0.91 (0.65–1.29) | 0.86 (0.53–1.41) | 0.91 (0.61–1.35) | 0.78 (0.53–1.15) | 1.15 (0.69–1.93) | |
| PPI or H2RA use | ||||||
| No | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Yes | 7.11 (5.02–10.1) | 6.90 (4.20–11.3) | 7.56 (5.03–11.3) | 5.57 (3.79–8.20) | 14.8 (8.06–27.3) | |
| Active Gastritis | ||||||
| No | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Yes | 0.78 (0.55–1.11) | 0.72 (0.43–1.23) | 0.82 (0.55–1.23) | 0.95 (0.65–1.40) | 0.45 (0.24–0.84) | |
| Chronic Gastritis | ||||||
| No | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| Yes | 0.70 (0.51–0.95) | 0.56 (0.35–0.88) | 0.81 (0.56–1.15) | 0.85 (0.60–1.21) | 0.46 (0.28–0.74) | |
All BEs includes patients with specialized intestinal metaplasia on the study EGD, regardless of length and timing of diagnosis (new vs prevalent).
*Adjusted for age (<50, 50-<60, 60-<70, ≥70yrs), sex and race (white, non-white).