Fig 4. Model of effects of nutrients on a broader range of larval groups.
Effects of nutrients (Nutrients) on COTS (open population), reef invertebrates (Invert), and large (Fish L) and small (Fish S) predatory fishes; CCA: crustose coralline algae, COTS A: COTS adult, COTS J: COTS juvenile. (a) Nutrients facilitate larvae of invertebrates and fish groups as well as CCA. (b) Nutrients facilitate invertebrates and CCA only. (c) Nutrients facilitate fish but not invertebrates or CCA. (d) Nutrients facilitate CCA only.