Fig 9. G-003M protects mice GI from radiation injury.

(A) Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was performed in C57BL/6J mice jejunum using TUNEL Apoptosis Detection Kit at 4 hr post-irradiation. Proximal jejunum was taken from mice injected with G-003M or DMSO 60 min before 9 Gy TBI for TUNEL staining. Green flourescence indicates apoptotic cells. Nuclei of cells were stained with 4′, 6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI, blue). (B) In vivo immunohistochemical detection of S phase cells incorporating BrdU (black arrowhead) in the crypts of the small intestine. BrdU-positive cells of differentially treated groups were scored in 12 complete, longitudinal sections for each animal. Dashed red line: number of BrdU-positive cells considered critical for crypt survival. Each data point represents mean of triplicates ± SD. A value of p < 0.05 is considered statistically significant. ns = nonsignificant, * = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01, *** = p < 0.001.