Table I.
Baseline characteristics of women with PCOS
| Characteristics |
Metformin group
(N=22) |
Pioglitazone group
(N=21) |
Combination group
(N=23) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 28.72 ± 6.31 | 27.52 ± 5.01 | 30.73 ± 6.15 | 0.19 |
| Weight (kg) | 71.3 ± 11.2 | 70.6 ± 13.2 | 72.6 ± 9.4 | 0.82 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.5 ± 3.6 | 27.2 ± 4.7 | 28.5 ± 3.2 | 0.54 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.8 ± 0.03 | 0.8 ± 0.05 | 0.8 ± 0.04 | 0.17 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 5.4 ± 0.5 | 5 ± 0.2 | 5.1 ± 0.5 | 0.014 |
| Fasting insulin (µU/ml) | 17.1 ± 10.8 | 12.4 ± 7.1 | 11.7 ± 7.5 | 0.08 |
| HOMA-IR | 4.2 ± 2.7 | 2.8 ± 1.6 | 2.7 ± 1.8 | 0.04 |
| QUICKI | 0.3 ± 0.03 | 0.3 ± 0.02 | 0.3 ± 0.03 | 0.05 |
| Fasting G/I ratio (mg/dL per µIU / mL) | 7.8 ± 5.3 | 9.5 ± 4.7 | 10.6 ± 6.3 | 0.25 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 131.8 ± 26.7 | 113.8 ± 54.8 | 126.9 ± 33.5 | 0.28 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 51.1 ± 12.1 | 51.1 ± 12.5 | 52.2 ± 12.2 | 0.94 |
| Serum cholesterol (mg/dl) | 215 ± 36.5 | 185.6 ± 51.6 | 196 ± 36.6 | 0.07 |
| Serum triglyceride (mg/dl) | 140.3 ± 58.2 | 111.6 ± 76 | 131 ± 59.3 | 0.34 |
| DHEAS (mg/l) | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 0.79 |
| Total testosterone (µg/l) | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.58 |
| FSH (IU/L) | 5.2 ± 1.7 | 4.7 ± 1.2 | 5.6 ± 2.2 | 0.34 |
| LH(IU/L) | 7.9 ± 2.3 | 7.6 ± 2.9 | 6.8 ± 2.7 | 0.37 |
| LH/FSH | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 0.48 |
Note: Plus-minus values are means ± SD. To convert values for fasting glucose to mmol/L, multiply by 0.05551.
BMI: Body Mass Index
HOMA-IR, Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance
QUICKI: Quantitative insulin check index
G/I: Fasting glucose to fasting insulin ratio
DHEA-S: Dehydroepiandrosteronesulphate
FSH: Follicle stimulating hormone
LH: Luteinizing hormone
mmol/l: milimol per liter
µU/ml: micro Units per milliliter
mg/dL: microgram per deciliter
µg/l, microgram per liter