Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the participants.
| SZ (n = 25) | BD-I (n = 28) | BD-II (n = 20) | HCs (n = 30) | F/χ2/t | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Years) | 38.4 ± 13.25 | 35.32 ± 9.13 | 38.85 ± 14.03 | 32.77 ± 10.65 | 1.58 | 0.207 | |
| Sex (M) | 13 | 13 | 9 | 13 | 0.44 | 0.931 | |
| Education | 9.16 ± 3.85 | 10.89 ± 4.85 | 12.40 ± 3.95 | 12.20 ± 3.36 | 2.67 | 0.052 | |
| Age at Onset of Disorder (years) | 22.58 ± 6.89 | 23.57 ± 8.66 | 24.85 ± 9.86 | 0.389 | 0.679 | ||
| Duration of Disorder (months) | 142.54 ± 130.37 | 95.21 ± 107.69 | 156.85 ± 127.86 | 1.95 | 0.151 | ||
| Number of Hospitalizations | 1.36 ± 1.77 | 1.36 ± 1.76 | 0.40 ± 0.68 | 2.20 | 1.18 | ||
| Number of Episodes | Total | 7.82 ± 5.64 | 8.68 ± 7.00 | −0.474 | 0.638 | ||
| Manic* | 2.77 ± 2.18 | 3.63 ± 3.56 | −1.006 | 0.320 | |||
| Depressive | 4.22 ± 3.42 | 4.95 ± 4.26 | −0.639 | 0.526 | |||
| BPRS | 8.00 ± 4.41 | 2.43 ± 2.86 | 2.25 ± 1.77 | 24.51 | < 0.001 | ||
| YMRS | 1.07 ± 1.61 | 1.55 ± 1.50 | −1.044 | 0.302 | |||
| HDRS | 3.46 ± 3.51 | 3.35 ± 3.28 | 0.114 | 0.910 | |||
| SAPS | Total | 11.52 ± 6.90 | |||||
| SANS | Total | 13.28 ± 9.04 | |||||
SZ: Schizophrenia, BD-I: Bipolar I Disorder, BD-II: Bipolar II Disorder, HCs: Healthy Controls, BPRS: Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, HDRS: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, SANS: Schedule for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, SAPS: Schedule for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, YMRS: Young Mania Rating Scale.
*
Hypomania for the Bipolar II Disorder.