Table 2.

Expression of ECM related components, including PNNs, PGs, glycoproteins, proteins and other ECM unrelated proteins in Schizophrenia (Sz) as reported in A) immunohistochemical studies B) Genomics studies, C) Proteomics studies, and D) Glycomics or glycosylation based studies.

A. Immunohistochemical studies	ECM component	Brain region	Change in Sz	References
	CSPG-labeled PNN (WFA labeling)	Amygdala and Entorhinal cortex	↓	[41]
	WFA-labeled PNNs	Layer 3 and 5 of the PFC	↓	[42]
	Aggrecan positive PNNs	Amygdala	↓	[44]
	Aggrecan positive PNNs and WFA labeled PNNs	Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex	↓	[51]
	Numerical densities of cytoplasmic-CSPG	Olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs)	↓	[42]

B. Genomics / Transcriptomics	Gene	Symbol	Change in Sz	References
	ECM-related genes
	Aggrecan	ACAN	↓	[71]
	Versican	VCAN	↓	[71]
	Neurocan	NCAN	↓	[71]
	Lumican	LUM	↓	[71]
	Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1	HAPLN1	↓	[71]
	Reelin	RELN	↑, ↓	[52, 53], [164]
	Tenascin XB	TNXB	↑	[79]
	Fibronectin	FN	↓	[58, 59]
	Integrin α2bβ3a	ITGα2bβ3a	↓	[63]
	Matrix metalloproteinase-9	MMP-9	↓, ↑	[72], [69, 70]
	Matrix metalloproteinase-16	MMP-16	↑	[71]
	Matrix metalloproteinase-24	MMP-24	↓	[71]
	Matrix metalloproteinase-25	MMP-25	↓	[71]
	A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1	ADAMTS 1	↑	[71]
	A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 6	ADAMTS 6	↑	[71]
	Phosphotyrosine phosphatase beta/zeta	PTPRZ1	↓	[40, 73]
	Other proteins
	Neuregulin-1 isoform 1	NRG1	↑	[165, 166]
	Neuregulin-1 isoform 2	NRG1	↓	[165, 166]
	Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-4	ERBB4	↑	[167]

C. Proteomics	Protein	Symbol	Change in Sz	References
	ECM-related proteins
	Versican core protein	VCAN	↓	[78]
	Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 2	HAPLN2	↓	[78]
	Galectin-1	LGALS1	↓	[81, 82]
	Vimentin	VIM	↑	[78, 81, 82]
	Other proteins
	Enolase 1	ENO1	↑	[78, 83, 84]
	Enolase 2	ENO2	↑	[78, 79, 83]
	Peroxiredoxin-1, 5	PRDX1, PRDX5	↓	[78-81, 85],[84]
	Glyceraldehyde-3 -phosphate dehydrogenase	GAPDH	↓	[78-81, 85]
	Superoxide dismutase 1	SOD1	↓,↑	[78-81, 85], [84]
	Heat shock 70 kDa protein	HSPA8	↑,↓	[79, 80, 82], [84]
	Transferrin	TF	↓,↑	[79, 80], [82]
	14-3-3 protein zeta/delta	YWHAZ	↓	[78, 80, 82]
	Protein S100-B	S100B	↓	[86]
	Septin-11	SEPT11	↓	[83, 84]
	Annexin A5, 6	ANXA5, ANXA6	↓	[83, 84]

D. Glycomics / Glycosylation based studies	Glycans or glycosylated genes	Symbol	Change in Sz	References
	Bisecting N-glycans	-	↓	[91]
	Sialylated N-glycans	-	↓	[91]
	UDP-GlcNAc:BetaGal Beta-1,3 GlcNAcT 8	B3GNT8	↓	[92]
	Mannosyl (alpha-1,3-)-glycoprotein beta-1,4 GlcNAcT	MGAT4A	↓	[92]
	2-hydroxyacylsphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase	UGT8	↓	[90]
	Sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase 1	SGPP1	↓	[90]
	Galactocerebrosidase	GALC	↓	[90]
	Beta-1, 4-galactosyltransferase 6	B4GALT6	↓	[90]
	Serine palmitoyltransferase 2	SPTLC2	↓	[90]
	Acid ceramidase	ASAH1	↓	[90]
	Galactosylceramide sulfotransferase	GAL3ST1	↓	[90]