Table 3. Comparison of community-acquired vs. nosocomial Aeromonas bacteremia and ceftriaxone-resistant vs. ceftriaxone-susceptible Aeromonas bacteremia.
| Community-acquired (n = 242) | Nosocomial (n = 94) | P-value | Ceftriaxone-susceptible (n = 284) | Ceftriaxone-resistant (n = 52) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 58.48 | 52.00 | 0.013 | 59.12 | 56.22 | 0.578 |
| Male, n (%) | 174 (71.9%) | 62 (65.6%) | 0.846 | 204 | 32 | 0.338 |
| Pitt bacteremia score | 1.85 | 1.36 | 0.333 | 1.54 | 2.69 | 0.008 |
| Mortality | 32 (13.2%) | 18 (19.1%) | 0.171 | 38 (13.4%) | 12 (23.1%) | 0.088 |
| Site of infection, n (%) | ||||||
| Hepatobiliary infection | 140 (57.9%) | 30 (31.9%) | 0.003 | 136 (47.9%) | 34 (65.4%) | 0.003 |
| Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis | 54 (22.3%) | 8 (8.5%) | 0.003 | 62 (21.8%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
| Pneumonia | 6 (2.5%) | 14 (14.9%) | 0.002 | 12 (42.3%) | 8 (15.4%) | 0.006 |
| Underlying diseases, n (%) | ||||||
| Hepatic cirrhosis | 108 (44.6%) | 24 (25.5%) | 0.001 | 122 (43.0%) | 10 (19.2%) | 0.001 |
| Solid organ malignancy | 105 (43.4%) | 37 (39.4%) | 0.056 | 119 (41.9%) | 23 (44.2%) | 0.008 |
| Devices, n (%) | ||||||
| Central line insertion | 42 (17.4%) | 38 (40.4%) | < 0.001 | 58 (20.4%) | 22 (42.3%) | 0.001 |
| Urinary catheter insertion | 50 (20.7%) | 32 (34.0%) | 0.010 | 58 (20.4%) | 24 (46.2%) | < 0.001 |
| Laboratory data (mean) | ||||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.58 | 9.42 | < 0.001 | 10.25 | 10.33 | 0.506 |
| Prothrombin time (INR) | 2.06 | 2.96 | 0.004 | 1.88 | 1.97 | 0.021 |
| Alanine transaminase (ALT) (U/L) | 99.6 | 111.1 | 0.088 | 133.6 | 257.4 | < 0.001 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 7.96 | 10.67 | 0.008 | 5.97 | 6.74 | 0.093 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 166.8 | 230.4 | 0.001 | 160.98 | 182.69 | 0.207 |
| Clinical manifestations, n (%) | ||||||
| Shock | 64 (26.4%) | 22 (23.4%) | 0.566 | 68 (23.9%) | 18 (34.6%) | 0.120 |
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation | 12 (5.0%) | 2 (2.1%) | 0.244 | 6 (2.1%) | 8 (15.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Mental change | 45(18.6%) | 15(16.0%) | 0.045 | 48 (16.9%) | 12 (23.1%) | 0.445 |
| Aeromonas isolates | 0.003 | 0.004 | ||||
| Usage of Antimicrobial agent | ||||||
| Initial inappropriate antimicrobial agent | 72 (29.8%) | 68 (72.3%) | 0.004 | 44 (15.5%) | 26 (50.0%) | < 0.001 |
| Initiation of antimicrobial agent within 6 h of symptom manifestation | 68 (28.1%) | 60 (63.8%) | <0.001 | 34 (12.0%) | 30 (57.7%) | < 0.001 |
| Antimicrobial resistance | ||||||
| Ampicillin/Sulbactam | 162 (66.9%) | 82 (87.2%) | 0.018 | 202 (71.1%) | 42 (80.7%) | 0.351 |
| Piperacillin | 46 (19.0%) | 42 (44.7%) | < 0.001 | 56 (19.7%) | 32 (61.5%) | < 0.001 |
| Piperacillin/Tazobactam | 28 (11.6%) | 24 (25.5%) | 0.001 | 24 (8.5%) | 28 (53.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Ceftriaxone | 28 (11.6%) | 24 (25.5%) | 0.001 | 0 (0%) | 52 (100%) | |
| Ceftazidime | 6 (2.5%) | 18 (19.1%) | <0.001 | 2 (0.7%) | 22 (42.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Imipenem | 21 (5.8%) | 12 (12.8%) | 0.009 | 26 (9.2%) | 7 (13.5%) | 0.377 |
| Gentamycin | 10 (5.6%) | 14 (14.9%) | 0.001 | 18 (6.3%) | 6 (11.5%) | 0.401 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 24 (9.9%) | 10 (10.6%) | 0.844 | 18 (6.3%) | 16 (30.8%) | 0.001 |