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. 2016 Dec 21;6(12):160229. doi: 10.1098/rsob.160229

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© 2016 The Authors.

Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 2. — The wing-clipping effect is observable across genetic backgrounds and throughout adult lifespan, but is absent in flightless flies. (a) Replication of the original BCP experiments using 60 s of time in which the animals were allowed to walk towards the light. Wilcoxon test; WTB: n = 8, p < 0.001; CyO: n = 8, p = 0.505. (B) BCP PI (15 s choice time) from three wild-type strains and two flightless mutants with intact and clipped wings. Paired T-test; CS^TZ: n = 6, p = 0.003; CS^RE: n = 5, p < 0.001; WTB: n = 12, p < 0.001; CyO: n = 14, p = 0.066; PKC^δ: n = 4, p = 0.413. (c) BCP PI from flies with a genetic manipulation of wing development (A9>babo^QD) and their genetic control groups (A9-G4/+, babo^QD/+). Randomized block design ANOVA; n = 3; block p < 0.001, interaction genotype versus wings integrity: p < 0.001, simple effect genotype: A9-G4/+: p < 0.001, babo^QD/+: p < 0.001, A9>babo^QD: p = 0.401. (d) Lateral and dorsal views of wing posture of WTB (w) and PKC^δ (p) males (upper panels) and females (lower panels). Right panels: examples of wing anatomy from WTB flies and PKC^δ mutant flies. (e) BCP PI of WTB flies after different recovery time lengths. Paired t-Test, 0 min: n = 6, p = 0.023; 5 min: n = 6, p = 0.008; 30 min: n = 5, p = 0.007; 3 h: n = 5, p < 0.001; 24 h: n = 5, p = 0.005; three weeks: n = 5, p = 0.004. Asterisk indicates significant differences. Box plot shows quantiles 0.05, 0.25, 0.75 and 0.95, median, mean (black square) and outliers (circle).