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. 2016 Dec 14;283(1844):20161451. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2016.1451

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© 2016 The Authors.

Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 4. — Density of surviving first-cohort seedlings after 10 years, in 16-species mixtures and monocultures. Small points show densities in each plot and large points the average. The grey band shows the 95% confidence interval of the 16-species mixture mean. The confidence interval for the probability of survival, p, was obtained using the Wilson method [48], then expressed as the number of surviving trees per ha, (p·n)/4. Many monocultures show extreme average densities compared with the 16-species mixture.