Table 3.

Fasting islet cell hormones, acute responses, proinsulin-to-C-peptide ratio, and PISRs during the GPA test

	Control subjects (n = 11)	PS-CF (n = 9)	PI-CF (n = 11)	Overall P value
				Control subjects vs. PI-CF	Control subjects vs. PS-CF	PS-CF vs. PI-CF
Fasting insulin (μU/mL)	7.4 (6.8–10.4)	8.8 (6.6–9.1)	9.1 (6.2–10.4)		0.85
AIRarg (μU/mL)	19.2 (13.7–46.3)	41.3 (36.4–49.8)	19.6 (13.9–31.3)		0.01
				0.82*	0.03*	0.003*
AIRpot (μU/mL)	99.8 (82.6–128.7)	162.3 (125.2–227.2)	56.1 (42.9–94.7)		0.002
				0.006*	0.17*	0.002*
AIRmax (μU/mL)	120.4 (91.7–190.2)	116.7 (83.7–233.8)	75.6 (52.4–143.0)		0.13
Fasting C-peptide (ng/mL)	1.3 (1.00–1.8)	1.6 (1.0–1.8)	1.2 (0.8–1.2)		0.70
ACRarg (ng/mL)	1.2 (0.9–2.2)	2.0 (1.6–2.6)	0.8 (0.5–1.2)		0.004
				0.07*	0.05*	0.002*
ACRpot (ng/mL)	4.9 (4.3–5.5)	6.7 (4.4–7.2)	2.2 (1.5–3.4)		0.003
				0.004*	0.52*	0.003*
ACRmax (ng/mL)	6.0 (3.8–6.9)	5.5 (3.6–7.0)	3.2 (1.5–4.4)		0.03
				0.02*	0.90*	0.04*
Fasting glucagon (pg/mL)	62 (53–74)	47 (43–60)	48 (25–62)		0.09
AGRarg (pg/mL)	73 (39–94)	62 (51–74)	29 (17–38)		0.008
				0.02*	0.73*	0.003*
AGRinh (pg/mL)	42 (33–53)	33 (28–51)	16 (15–30)		0.015
				0.007*	0.67*	0.003*
AGRmin (pg/mL)	33 (27–51)	37 (19–43)	20 (8–29)		0.03
				0.01*	0.79*	0.05*
Fasting proinsulin (pmol/L)	8.6 (2.4–22.8)	10.8 (2.0–13.1)	11.7 (8.6–21.6)		0.18
APRarg (pmol/L)	5.3 (3.2–9.6)	7.1 (6.0–11.9)	2.7 (0.8–6.4)		0.07
APRpot (pmol/L)	23.1 (18.2–30.9)	29.9 (17.7–33.5)	18.7 (17.6–22.4)		0.15
APRmax (pmol/L)	22.2 (15.2–26.7)	19.0 (13.1–19.5)	16.8 (13.1–19.5)		0.20
Fasting proinsulin-to-C-peptide ratio (%)	2.3 (1.2–2.5)	1.9 (1.7–2.4)	3.4 (2.9–4.0)		0.04
				0.01*	0.9*	0.09*
PISR, fasting (%)	1.3 (1.0–1.6)	1.1 (1.0–1.6)	1.1 (0.3–1.7)		0.90
PISR, 230 mg/dL (%)	1.3 (1.2–1.6)	1.4 (0.8–1.6)	2.5 (1.3–3.4)		0.04
				0.03*	0.62*	0.03*
PISR, 340 mg/dL (%)	1.2 (1.0–1.3)	0.85 (0.8–1.3)	1.4 (1.3–3.0)		0.09

Data are medians and IQRs.

*Between-group comparisons performed when overall P value was significant at P ≤ 0.05.