Fig. 4.

Alterations in GAL gene expression and DNA methylation in the locus coeruleus of male and female DS subjects. (A and E) Gene-expression levels of GAL in the locus coeruleus of male (A) and female (E) controls and DS subjects. (B–D and F–H) Percentage of DNA methylation levels at individual CpG sites of the GAL gene in male (B–D) and female (F–H) controls and DS subjects. All data are presented as mean ± SEM; males: n = 10 controls, 10 DS subjects; females: n = 12 controls, 10 DS subjects. Significant differences between DS subjects and controls are indicated: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. CON, controls; DS, depressed suicide.