. 2011 Sep 1;14(9):1022–1028. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2010.0536

Table 3.

Associations of Advanced Cancer Patient Spiritual Concerns with Psychological Quality of Life (n = 69)

	Univariate Model		Model adjusted for Karnofsky performance status		Model adjusted for Karnofsky performance status and spirituality
Spiritual concerns	β	P	β	P	β	P
Total spiritual struggles	−1.2	<0.001	−1.13	0.01	−1.11	0.01
Doubting your belief in God or in your faith	−7.55	0.01	−7.04	0.02	−7.55	0.01
Being angry with God	−6.83	0.01	−6.32	0.02	−6.44	0.02
Wondering why God has allowed this to happen	−4.92	0.05	−4.27	0.1	−4.64	0.07
Wondering whether God has abandoned me	−6.19	0.02	−6.06	0.02	−5.99	0.02
Feeling that the cancer is God's punishment for sins and lack of devotion	−4.78	0.1	−4.39	0.13	−3.79	0.02
Questioning God's love for me	−6.34	0.02	−5.93	0.03	−5.90	0.03
Wondering what I did for God to punish me like this	−4.96	0.09	−4.50	0.12	−4.25	0.14
Wondering whether my church has abandoned me	−5.58	0.15	−5.29	0.16	−4.85	0.20
I've been thinking that the devil made this happen	0.74	0.84	0.06	0.99	0.22	0.95
Questioning the power of God	−7.64	<0.001	−7.20	0.01	−6.87	0.01
Other spiritual struggles^a	−27.12	<0.001	−25.73	0.01	−27.94	<0.001
Total spiritual seeking	−0.79	0.3	−9.10	0.24	−1.67	<0.05
Seeking a closer connection with God (or your faith)	−1.41	0.55	−0.82	0.73	−1.93	0.44
Finding meaning in the experience of cancer	−0.38	0.87	−0.75	0.75	−2.10	0.41
Thinking about forgiveness (being forgiven or forgiving others)	−1.72	0.47	−1.53	0.51	−2.66	0.28
Thinking about what gives meaning to life	−3.42	0.14	−4.17	0.07	−5.75	0.02
Other spiritual seeking^b	−0.75	0.81	−2.42	0.46	−2.67	0.42
Total spiritual concerns	−1.04	<0.001	−1.00	<0.001	−1.06	<0.001

^{^a}

Two patients expressed spiritual struggles other than the choices offered, including anger at God for loss of control and asking “why.”

^{^b}

Eleven patients expressed other forms of spiritual seeking. These included: seeking greater religious practice (2), reflection on spiritual beliefs (3), seeking to live life to the fullest despite cancer (1), desiring to give to others less fortunate (1), praying for the well-being of oneself or others (2), and finding meaning and peace (2).

B, β coefficient.