Table 1. Hydration Evidence.

First Author, Year Study Design	Subjects	Findings	GRADE quality level
Droller, 1982 Prospective, descriptive	198 adult patients with oncology or aplastic anemia diagnosis	Significant HC prevalence difference between no hydration and IV fluids at 4-5 liters per day during CTX infusion (p< 0.01)	High
Haselberger, 1995 Literature review	Published evidence: high dose CTX in SCT	Hydration/adequate urine flow should be mandatory with high dose CTX	Moderate
Ballen, 1999 Prospective, descriptive	100 SCT adult patients	Hydration with IV fluids at 250 ml/hr for 4 hours before through 24 hours after CTX effective in reducing HC	Moderate
Takamoto, 2004 Case study	19 pediatric patients with solid tumor or hematological disease	Acrolein concentrations increased as urine volume decreased; peak times were 1-12 hours after CTX	Low

Abbreviations: SCT = stem cell transplant; IV = intravenous; CTX = Cytoxan; HC = hemorrhagic cystitis