Table 3:
Bone Mass, Bone Structure and Bone strength Outcomes
| Tools | Study | Skeletal sites | Bone Mass | Bone structure | Bone strength | Total proportion | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bone architecture | Bone area | Bone geometry | ||||||||||||||||
| ♀ | ♀♂ | ♂ | ♀ | ♀♂ | ♂ | ♀ | ♀♂ | ♂ | ♀ | ♀♂ | ♂ | ♀ | ♀♂ | ♂ | ||||
| DEXA | Welten et. al. (1994) (25) | LS | 0 | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Barnekow-Bergkvist et al. (2006) (27) | LS | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Van Langendonck et al. (2003) (6) | LS | - | - | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2/4 | |
| Lloyd et. al. (2000) (26) | TB | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Barnekow-Bergkvist et al. (2006) (27) | TB | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Van Langendonck et al. (2003) (6) | TB | - | - | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1/3 | |
| Barnekow-Bergkvist et al. (2006) (27) | Arms | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0/1 | |
| Lloyd et. al. (2000) (26) | Hip | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Barnekow-Bergkvist et al. (2006) (27) | Hip | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2/2 | |
| pQCT | Jackowski et al. (2014) (28) | Hip | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | 2/2 |
| DEXA | Barnekow-Bergkvist et al. (2006) (27) | Legs | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1/1 |
| pQCT | McKay et al. (2011) (30) | Legs | 1* | - | 0 | 1* | - | 0 | 0 | - | 1 | - | - | - | 0 | - | 1 | |
| Sayers et. al. (2011) (31) | Legs | - | 1* | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | 1* | - | - | 1 | - | ||
| Farr et al. (2011) (32) | Legs | 0 | - | - | 0 | - | - | 0 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| Tolonen et al. (2015) (29) | Legs | 1* | - | 0 | - | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 17/25 | |
| Proportion according to gender | 7/11 | 1/1 | 1/5 | 1/2 | - | 0/1 | 1/3 | 1/1 | 2/2 | 2/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 | 2/3 | 2/2 | 2/2 | |||
| Total proportion | 9/17 | 1/3 | 4/6 | 5/5 | 6/7 | 25/38 | ||||||||||||
| Grand proportion | 9/17 | 10/14 | 6/7 | |||||||||||||||
1=significant association, 0 =no significant, - =not assessed
*
Significant with at least one of the indices under its group.